Understand the Organisational Purposes of Businesses Essay

Comprehend the Organizational Purposes of Businesses - Essay Example Comprehend the Organizational Purposes of Businesses There are three basic kinds of hierarchical structures, including customary, divisional, and network. Be that as it may, different sorts of structures likewise exist, including pre-bureaucratic, bureaucratic, group, and system structures (Thomas and Coe, 2003:124). The shared trait between all the diverse authoritative structures is that they expect to improve the hierarchical effectiveness, just as give an away from of activity and detailing. In any case, they contrast in various variables. The customary (practical) structure partitions the association into gatherings or divisions as indicated by their motivations. For example, an association with a useful structure may have a creation office, a business division, and a promoting office. This sort of structure suits private ventures on the grounds that every division can depend on the information and ability of its workers. In any case, the primary disadvantage of the structure is the restricted correspondence and coordination betwe en offices by the authoritative limits. Then again, divisional structures are basic in bigger firms that work separate littler associations under the primary umbrella gathering or in a huge land zone, covering various sorts of market fragments and products.For occurrence, an assembling organization may have a blower division, a little motor division, and a sections division in various geographic areas. Every division has some expertise in a specific sort of need. The fundamental bit of leeway of this kind of authoritative structure is the fast and successful goals of necessities. Like the useful structure, this type of structure likewise constrains correspondence as representatives work in various divisions. Furthermore, this sort of structure is costly a direct result of its extension and size (Salaman, 2002:167). Ultimately, the grid type is a half breed of the practical and divisional structures. Frequently adjusted in global organizations, the structure empowers an association t o appreciate the advantages of both the divisional and useful structures all the while. Much of the time, this makes power battles as most authoritative territories are under double administration: a divisional and an utilitarian chief, both working at a similar level and involving a similar administration region. The other normal authoritative structure is item based structure, regular in organizations with numerous product offerings. Basically, each piece of eth structure centers around an individual unit inside the organization (Walker et al., 2003:124). This structure permits adaptability in the association, however experiences absence of accomplishing all inclusive objectives and goals. Structure Advantages Disadvantages Functional (Traditional) a. Division of work b. Improvement of solidarity and participation c. Large scale manufacturing a. Accentuation on specialization b. Prompts clashes c. Feeble disciplinary controls Product-Based a. Basic b. Brought together control c. B etter order a. Needs specialization b. Overburdening of the board c. Bias Divisional a. Dispersal of intensity b. Expanded effectiveness c. Appointment of obligations a. Deferred choice b. Absence of responsibility c. Minority oppression Matrix a. More noteworthy productivity b. Coordination c. Non-absolutism a. Clashes among useful and divisional supervisors b. Authority reliant on the board c. Helpless organization Decades of exploration show a connection between authoritative exhibition and hierarchical culture. Regardless of the absence of

New Trends in Global Business Environment

Question: Expound on the New Trends in Global Business Environment. Answer: Synopsis of the Article: The article has featured the way that expert help firms can win higher benefits, increase serious edge and increment client dependability when all the accomplices team up with the point of serving customers. The article analyzes coordinated effort among profoundly incredible, self-governing and expert companions towards hierarchical development point of view. Thus, the article has attempted to inspect the advantages of cooperation among the top administration for satisfying all the business destinations. The article has shown hierarchical exhibitions from the individual point of view to show that coordinated effort is essentially viewed as progressively unpredictable and expensive contrasted with singular administration of issue. Indeed, it has been surveyed that joint effort isn't as much compensating contrasted with singular administration perspective. Consequently, the article has concentrated on gathering broad quantitative information from meeting and study process. The article has gathered information from three expert assistance firm out of which one is among top 100 worldwide law offices. It has likewise gathered information from an enormous US based business warning firm and boutique official inquiry firm. The article has likewise gathered data from around 2000 accomplice level experts working in various segment. The article has recognized that experts work together with peers who have the self-governance to choose work autonomously and by and large, authority and force are not intends to detail a group and make it progressively powerful. The article has referenced that cooperation to people is similarly quantifiable if less natural. Discoveries of the article have indicated that experts decipher the relative advantages and expenses of joint effort. In larger part of the cases, senior experts won't surrender or won't endeavor earlier coordinated efforts can receive critical rewards. Accordingly, the article has featured the way that transient expense of coordinated effort limits chance to encounter long haul benefits for the association. The article has utilized longitudinal viewpoint to determine the created Catch 22 identified with proficient joint effort. The discoveries of the article have concentrated on incipient hypothesis of instrumental joint effort with five testable theories for re commending future heading to the business substances. In this manner, the article has given a guide to the accomplices and their associations that are hoping to cultivating the sort of coordinated effort that pays off. Four Key Questions From the Article: Four distinguished key inquiries are given as follows: What are of effect accomplice joint effort on the general business exhibitions of the associations? What will be the normal expense for cultivating associations to create community oriented business condition in present moment? What is the criticalness of gracefully chain coordinated effort for making long haul association? What are the drawn out jobs of accomplice cooperation to improve execution level of the association? Writing Review on Selected Four Key Questions: First Article: In this specific article, Inter-fleeting examples of RD joint effort and inventive execution, by Belderbos et al. (2015), accomplice joint effort in RD segment can permit associations to start creative techniques for satisfying all the business necessities in a proper way. Actually, the article has featured that joint effort is the most ideal approach to deal with present unique business challenges, which will upgrade the exhibition level of the business in a compelling manner. According to the article by Wiengarten et al. (2013), the executives coordinated effort improves the exhibition development of the workers too. By teaming up the whole business process, the association gets a colossal quality of the board that empowers the chiefs to take proper right choice. Likewise, because of the immense quality of the executives the concerned business supervisors get the extension to direct every individual representative towards viable help process. Consequently, the presentation level of the business workers turns out to be high. The article has featured that innovative work area is one of the most critical parts for each business association. Hughes and Kitson (2012) remarked that after the cooperation of RD parts the business specialists get the extension to direct more inside and out examination about the present market and worker needs and requests. In this manner, on one hand, associations get countless data in regards to the present needs and requests of the clients. Then again, RD division by upgrading their representative quality gives additional time and work to recognize the business issues. Thus, the whole procedure of business turns out to be a lot of orderly that empowers to catch the clients eye. Second Article: In the article Teamwork on the fly distributed by Edmondson (2012), the writer has expressed that collaboration is exceptionally imperative to render the business achievement and to put the brand in universal market. So as to upgrade the whole procedure of business association is exceptionally required. At first a specific business association needs to contribute enormous measure of cost for coordinated effort. The authoritative assets, HR, money related assets, innovative assets must be contributed for making a powerful coordinated effort. Accordingly, the business specialists need to confront incalculable difficulties if the motivation behind joint effort becomes disappointment. Ansari, Munir and Gregg (2012) expressed that collaboration isn't without a portion of the negative impacts also. While working together a business the quality of representatives naturally increments. Workers of two business associations are acclimated with discrete societies and qualities. Therefore, while giving a collaboration the business representatives need to confront countless troubles so as to direct the whole work effectively. Also while taking a viable administrative choice, the teamed up the executives needs to confront a few difficulties to take fitting choice in regards to meeting the business target. In this way, cooperation is having a portion of its negative impacts towards business process also. Dupas and Robinson (2013) expressed that in the wake of assessing the perspective of the past researcher, it very well may be presumed that collaboration is had with various hazard factors. Simultaneously, it is certain that if the chiefs and the workers become effective to be acclimated with the way of life of new business condition the association doesn't need to confront challenges so as to get positive outcome. The article has portrayed on how cooperation renders the business accomplishment by keeping up joint effort with one another. In the article, the wr iter has stressed the significance of joint effort among the supervisors also. Chen, Chiang and Story (2012) opined that before taking a business choice, the troughs should take a powerful communitarian choice so as to catch the eye of clients. Third Article: The article Collaboration: How pioneers keep away from the snares, assemble shared opinion, and procure huge outcomes distributed by Hansen (2013), has depicted on how pioneers need to assume a significant job for making a business joint effort fruitful. While confronting another condition business pioneers need to confront countless troubles in the wake of meeting the representatives of various social mentalities. Then again, representatives face difficulties in making a viable cooperation with the pioneers. In this sort of circumstance, a significant correspondence hole emerges in the middle of the representatives and the pioneers. After coordinated effort, the business chiefs need to confront representatives of various social mentalities. So as to monitor the business condition the pioneers will in general utilize absolutist style of administration. This specific type of authority style empowers the workers to adhere to the guidance of pioneers with no further inquiries. Duflo (20 12) expressed that absolutist style of initiative is had with both positive and negative impact. This specific initiative style doesn't inspire the workers at whatever point they are forced in another condition. Hence, in a community oriented business the hierarchical pioneers should utilize participative type of authority style. This specific type of authority style helped the business workers tremendously to share their own perspective. Accordingly, while performing for the association the representatives mean to demonstrate their energetic mentalities to arrive at the business objective. Hence, Sakarya et al. (2012) expressed that participative type of administration is consistently reasonable for communitarian business process. In this particular article, the writer has recommended that so as to stay away from any sort of trap the business administrators by settling on an aggregate choice ought to permit the pioneers for keeping up a warm initiative style for persuading each individual worker towards the correct way. The writer in this particular article has featured the significance of just type of initiative style to keep up a solid correspondence with the colleagues. After the coordinated effort, the business specialists plan to frame a group so that the workers of both the associations can take an interest. Thus, the representatives would have the option to conquer any sort of mental boundary, correspondence obstruction or social hindrance at the work environment. Something else, the workers might want to keep up a separation between one another. This sort of se paration can majorly affect rendering business achievement. Rodrguez and Nieto (2012) remarked that the clients would get denied of accepting great administrations from the representatives. Therefore, the whole cadenced progression of business would be influenced exceptionally. Fourth Article: In the article Supply chain cooperation: A writing survey and observational examination to research vulnerability and collabo

How to WritePlacer Essay Topics

How to WritePlacer Essay TopicsThe main problem many students are facing when trying to complete essay topics are that they can't seem to come up with the right ideas or information to write. This can be frustrating, especially if you're looking for a way to improve your grades in the course you're taking.If you're having trouble writing your assignments, it's important to know that you don't have to learn how to writeplacer essay topics on your own. There are several books and online resources you can use to get the help you need.The Internet has numerous ways for you to get information, tips, ideas, and guidance. You can browse through thousands of resources including websites, guides, and online courses for how to writeplacer essay topics. As long as you're willing to spend some time doing your research, you'll find tons of great information to assist you with writing your papers.When you want to learn how to writeplacer essay topics for assignments, you need to take some time to learn what is out there. You can also take advantage of all the free resources available online. You can find all sorts of useful information in these sites.It's best to not only look at sites that offer paid resources on how to writeplacer essay topics for your assignments, but also sites that provide resources for free. These sites are a great way to gain information quickly and also to get some insight on what other people's experiences are when looking for ways to writeplacer essay topics. They can also be good for getting recommendations from people who have written excellent essays on the topic you are currently working on.If you do decide to look for free guides and information on how to writeplacer essay topics for your assignments, it's important to note that some of the resources available online can be a little confusing to read. While they may have a lot of information, some of it may also be very technical and difficult to understand. This may cause you to overlook valu able information and make it harder to learn how to writeplacer essay topics effectively.Before you start reading any materials, it's a good idea to do some research on the topic of the assignment first. You may want to look for more than one guide and look for some examples of other people's writing. It can be helpful to know how others approach and succeed with their assignments, so this is a great way to get ideas and inspiration.After you've done your research and found the best online resources, the next step is to decide which guide you want to follow. There are literally hundreds of different guides that you can find online, so it's important to find the one that is most suitable for your needs.

High Scores Mean More Than Acceptance Letters

Need some more incentive to study for your SAT? NextStepU is here to tell you how good SAT scores can help you land a scholarship, and potentially save you thousands of dollars in student loans. Standardized tests are becoming less important to the admissions process. More colleges are realizing that a student’s academic success cannot be boiled down to a mere test score. However, that does not mean that standardized tests will become extinct in the near future. They are still a very important part of your application. Test scores are more apt to determine the type of scholarship you are offered at a prospective school. High SAT or ACT scores can give you an edge. You will stand out from the crowd if you have straight A’s, extracurricular activities, and decent test scores on your transcript. This shows admissions counselors that you are smart, and you are also willing to work hard on academics that are separate from school. You are proving to them that you carved out special time to study for the tests, took prep classes or worked on practice tests. As corny as it sounds, high standardized test scores demonstrate that you went the extra mile. It will definitely pay off if the financial aid department gives you a scholarship worthy of your hard work. So what does this mean? I’m not saying that you will receive zero scholarship dollars if you have a high GPA with a less-than-stellar SAT score. I’m saying that the scholarship will probably not be the highest amount the college is willing to shell out. Conversely, if you push yourself to study hard and ace the SAT or ACT, that bottom line will look a whole lot better to you and your parents. Often, a college will offer different levels/amounts of scholarship money. If you take a prep class and get a good SAT score, that is potentially thousands of extra dollars for you each semester. In most cases, the higher the standardized test score, the better the scholarship will be. Long story short: a poor SAT score will probably not determine an admissions office’s decision to accept you. However, there is a strong possibility that you will not get as much financial aid as possible. While getting into college might seem like the most important thing right now, paying for college is just as significant. And I’m sure you won’t want to say no to your first-choice college just because they didn’t give you as much scholarship money as possible. So do yourself a favor and study hard for the SAT and/or ACT. You will be happy you did when you get your financial aid package. Written by Rachel Montpelier. Rachel is a senior at Nazareth College in Rochester, N.Y. and is the editorial assistant at NextStepU. Looking for more advice on navigating your senior year? Register at NextStepU.com and customize your path to success.

Essay about Travels of a T-Shirt Review - 1592 Words

Travels of a t-shirt in a global economy In her book, The Travels of a T-shirt in the Global Economy, Pietra Rivoli takes on the intricacies and complexities of trade and globalization through following the path of a T-Shirt she purchased from Walgreens for $5.99. It is a very informative book and her writing is such that the reader is left feeling both well informed on the issues discussed, as well as entertained. Rivoli breaks up the book into 4 sections. In Part I, â€Å"King Cotton,† we are brought to an area in West Texas, an area that boasts to be home to much of the world’s cotton. In fact, the main city, Lubbock, calls itself the â€Å"cottonest city† in the world (Rivoli 3). Cotton, it would seem, has a very sordid past. â€Å"The worlds†¦show more content†¦I think it also works to undo the notions that China was stealing away all our jobs in the apparel arena, because despite the complex protectionist measures taken, America still lost lots o f jobs in the textile industry. The author points out that this is because of technology, and that when it really comes down to it, China is losing their textile jobs at a rate faster than the U.S. did (142). She also goes over some of the unintended consequences of the measures such as increased material costs as a result of the increased import barrier (142). She also suggests in this section as an alternative to erecting trade barriers, to instead compensate workers of the losing industries, known as the compensation principle (151). Lastly, with the lift of the measures and quotas by 2005, there will be a new surge in Chinese goods to America, as illustrated in figure 9.1, page 167. China’s percent increase after release from the quotas will measure some 900%. Finally is Part IV of the book, â€Å"My T-shirt Finally Encounters a Free Market.† This section deals with what happens to the clothes after they are discarded, usually through donation to Goodwill or The Sa lvation Army. In fact, American donations to these kinds of organizations have increased so much that they have begun exporting the recycled clothing, â€Å"nearly 7 billion pounds† (Rivoli 176), to other countries. The recycled industry has actually created jobs in Africa as America’s old clothes areShow MoreRelatedEssay on Movie Review of Tshirt Travels1297 Words   |  6 PagesAmrit Kulasekaran Professor Kornelly Nov 26 2012 Anthropology 101 Salaula: Charity or Exploitation The documentary â€Å"T Shirt travels† follows a young Zambian named Luka through his daily life as a second hand clothes seller. We are taken on a journey through the struggles and issues from both a micro and macro level. We learn about issues facing the country as a whole such as rampant poverty, to an economy destroyed by slavery and further setback due to larger nations dictating economic policyRead MoreInformative Speech About Travelling805 Words   |  4 PagesDo you like to travel? I love traveling a lot, I love to see new places, meet new people, learn new things, and try new food. I even like when travelling is difficult because through challenging time people develop new skills. II. Reveal Topic and Relate to Audience: Dr. Alexander Mozgovoy, a sociologist, claims that traveling has a relaxation effect, promotes personal development, promotes creative realization, and even changes social behavior of a person. III. Establish Credibility:Read MoreThe On The New York Times983 Words   |  4 PagesContinue reading the main storyShare This Page Share Tweet Email More Save A 19-year-old Ohio man serving life in prison for killing three students in a high school cafeteria in 2012 briefly escaped from prison on Thursday, the authorities said. The man, T. J. Lane, who was serving three life sentences for the murders, escaped with two other inmates from the Allen Oakwood Correctional Institution in Lima, Ohio, said Sgt. Andy Green of the Lima Police Department. 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He attempts the dangerous journey eight times before he succeeds. During his first seven attempts, he is severely beaten, robbed, and humiliated. However, he never gives up. The struggle that Enrique and other immigrant make to reach el norte is harder than anyone can expect. Discussion: To travel north, Enrique, like otherRead MoreThe Concept Of Zero Search Costs Or Contact Costs1064 Words   |  5 Pagesfind information faster and easier. Some websites enable consumers to generate a side by side comparison of different products, so that they can make an educated decision to purchase a product or service. On top of that, consumers can benefit from reviews and ratings from other customers with the purpose of learning about the experiences of others. As a result, consumers can also save time and money by using the internet as way to find information and make purchases. Also, consumers can be benefitedRead MoreTsunamis: How Oregon Can Better Prepare for Cascadia Essay1295 Words   |  6 Pageslike T-shirt sizes; S, M, L, XL, XXL, and two extreme tsunami events; magnitudes 8.7 and 9.2. The two extremes are the result of two studies done using simulations of tsunami inundation to create wide hypothetical Cascadia earthquake sources, one on the northern Oregon coast and one on the southern Oregon coast (Priest, 2012, 1). Great Cascadia earthquakes and tsunamis have occurred at least 19 times in the last 10,000 years on the Oregon coast. These 19 events were then ranked with a T-shirt sizeRead MoreThe Life of Paulo Coelho1274 Words   |  5 Pagesmaking money as a writer. Coelho followed the wishes of his parents and was accepted into a law school in 1970. However, he was unhappy with his parents’ wishes and decided to leave school to travel. While he was exploring the world, he took odd jobs to support himself. After he left his schooling career to travel, he met a rock star named Raul Seixas. The two of them became a pair and â€Å"composed 120 songs that revolutionized Brazilian rock music† (Sant Jordi Asociados Agencia Literaria). The two ofRead MoreMarketing Plan For Itsmetd Photography1481 Words   |  6 Pagesassumed business name: Denton County $24.00 †¢ Monthly Expenses o Merchant Services: Bank of America $9.95/month x 12 months=$119.40 o Software: Adobe Creative Cloud $10.81x12 = $129.72 o Internet: ATT $72.00x12 = $864.00 o Phone service: ATT $45.00x12 = $540 †¢ Start up Inventory o Promotional t-shirts: Graphixworx $238.00 o Promotional Totes: Epromos $180.04 o Camera and equipment: Adorama $1399.00 †¢ Total Start-up costs $4388.21 B. Sales Forecast Projected sales are estimated at one engagementRead MoreDress Code : Standards And Procedures1484 Words   |  6 Pagesthat meets the following guidelines is acceptable. Acceptable for men: Dress slacks or casual pants. Shirts with collars, turtlenecks, sweaters. Acceptable for women: Dresses, skirts, slacks, pants, blouses, sweaters. Unacceptable for both men and women: Athletic shoes, work boots, beach shoes, flip flops, bare feet. Shorts, leggings, stretch pants, stirrups, sweatpants/sweatshirts, T shirts, shorts, and or similar items or athletic wear. Compliance - Supervisors and Managers are responsible

Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm - 1142 Words

â€Å"Those who do not remember the past are condemned to repeat it,† said Spanish philosopher George Santayana. This brilliant message shows to be present in George Orwell’s satirical novel Animal Farm. In this book, Orwell uses farm animals to illustrate the true nature of the communist Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin. There are many examples in this book and in real life that show the truth of aforementioned Santayana’s statement, for if one does not remember the past, they are only allowing it to repeat. Therefore, learning from the past is an effective way to prevent future mistakes because not doing so has significant repercussions, there are instances of the method working, and it can prepare us for the future. Firstly, not looking†¦show more content†¦He sent troops into Russia in 1941, expecting a quick and easy victory (Defense Media Network), but weeks of fighting quickly turned into months, and the Russian winter was upon them. However, the troops did not retreat. Ultimately, some froze to death. If Hitler had looked to the past to Bonaparte’s decisions, he might have realized that retreat was necessary for future victories, but he did not. Thus, he paid a heavy price in frozen troops and artillery for not looking back to the past. Secondly, learning from past mistakes shows to actually be an effective method. While there are no instances of this in Animal Farm, there are plenty of examples that can be drawn from real life. There have been studies that show that us learning from our past mistakes is a psychological way of learning (Psychology Today), for it is a large part of trial-and-error. Trial-and-error is described as â€Å"a finding out of the best way to reach a desired result or a correct solution by trying out one or more ways or means and by noting and eliminating errors or causes of failure† by Merriam-Websters Dictionary. This learning method was exercised by early humans to the fullest extent. Scientific Development and Misconceptions Through the Ages: A Reference Guide, an informative book on scientific development, states that, Through process of trial and error and observing what animals ate, some berries were grouped as poisonous or not good to eat (Krebs 105). This refers to how early humansShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm701 Words   |  3 Pageswith what he was told. George Orwell’s Animal Farm is about Manor Farm that is seized by its maltreated animals that set up their own government in the now renamed â€Å"Animal Farm†. There are many animals on this farm, including Benjamin, a donkey who is quite old, Clover, a horse who is not very bright, and the two main leaders, pigs named Napoleon and Snowball. Napoleon and Snowball create this new government with seven commandments, the last commandant being that â€Å"All animals are equal†. But when NapoleonRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm921 Words   |  4 Pagesover topics such as life or government. When George Orwell wrote his book Animal Farm, it sparked lots of controversy over government. The book was written as a satire to mock the communist regime that was installed after the Russian Revolution. The book does not directly say it is about the revo lution but is almost the same tale. George Orwell used subtle ways such as symbolism and anthropomorphism to represent history in a different way. In Animal Farm, just about every aspect could be used to representRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1079 Words   |  5 PagesEvery Animal for Himself â€Å"By striving to do the impossible, man has always achieved what is possible. Those who have cautiously done no more than they believed possible have never taken a single step forward.† -Mikhail Bakunin. This quote sums up what the author of the book Animal Farm was trying to convey.   Animal Farm is an allegory of the Russian Revolution. Each character in the book portrays someone who played a part in the revolution. In the book, the author, George Orwell, proves that changeRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm1711 Words   |  7 Pages1A. Mr. Jones is a significant character because his actions and bad deeds provoked the animal rebellion, similarly to how Tsar Nicholas II ignorance led his abdication, ending the Romanov rule and replacing it with the new Bolshevik government (Krieger 185). Moreover, in the story, the animals replaced what used to be â€Å"Manor Farm† to â€Å"Animal Farm†, and Orwell does this to resemble the transformation of Russia’s government. There are other events in the story that parallel the true events that resembleRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm756 Words   |  4 Pages No animal in England is free. The life of an animal is misery and slavery: that is the plain truth. These are the words of George Orwell explaining the imprisonment of communism in his allegory Animal Farm. He tells the story of differences between presentation and actuality in his book. Orwell shows the importance of how people will not rebel if there is an illusion of freedom. In the book, the pigs, who were the leaders of the farm, gives an illusion of freedom by gradually changingRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm748 Words   |  3 PagesFight me! Animals have grown to understand humans and be like humans, until they learn to fight back, and keep the idea that they’re free, and then slowly morph back into the ways it used to be when humans were in charge. Analogies about animal farm can range from, the students connecting the book to the bible, government today, passed wars, or even more, because this book was different for everyone. Animal farm is a very simple book at first, but once a person starts to talk about it, itRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of George Orwells Animal Farm923 Words   |  4 PagesAnimal Farm Character Analysis Essay â€Å"Old major†¦ was so highly regarded on the farm that everyone was quite ready to lose an hour’s sleep in order to hear what he had to say† (Orwell 1). The author, George Orwell, portrayed Old Major as the wisest of all the animals on the farm, and without being said, Major was a big part of Animal Farm. In fact, he influenced the lives of all the animals with just one speech. On the day of this speech, Major taught all the animals his wise ideas in a kind supportingRead MoreHow Is Marxism Portrayed in Animal Farm by George Orwell? Essay1369 Words   |  6 PagesHow is Marxism portrayed throughout ‘Animal Farm’ by George Orwell? The main aim of Marxism is to bring about a classless society, and ‘Animal Farm’ is generally considered to be a Marxist novel, as all its characters share a similar ambition at the beginning. ‘Animal Farm’ represents an example of the oppressed masses rising up to form their own classless society, whilst offering a subtle critique on Stalin’s Soviet Russia, and communism in general. Orwell is, ironically, revolutionary in hisRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell And Animal Farm Essay2095 Words   |  9 PagesSharon Pittman HUM 314 13 December 2016 George Orwell and Animal Farm: The Provocative Written Word in Political Protest INTRODUCTION AND THESIS Many writers, artists, novelists, journalists, and the sort seek to bring awareness to political and cultural issues through their work. It is not often, though, that their work attains such critically acclaimed status and subsequently creates a platform by which people are moved to respond to the writing’s purpose. George Orwell, however, had a knack for thisRead MoreHow Has George Orwell Used Animal Farm to Present His View of Human Nature?789 Words   |  4 PagesGeorge Orwell’s Animal Farm is a satirical allegory through which he presents his cynical view of human nature. He uses the animal fable effectively to expose the issues of injustice, exploitation and inequality in human society. Orwell uses the allegory, Animal Farm, to present the story of The Russian Revolution and essentially express his opinions on the matter. By plainly exposing the unjust and corrupt system that is communism, Orwell is ultimately presenting his pessimistic view of human

Architecture free essay sample

Despite the clarity of the Losss definition, this contemporary question has a persistent quality that Is usually noticed In Its occlusion. In other words, the extent to which the link Is denied and architecture Is seen as no more than building and thus thought in terms of a differentiation of the economic from the cultural suggests that the possibility of architectures relation to culture is a question whose acuity cannot be readily escaped. What then is architectures relation to culture?In purely strategic terms, the question is relevant, since policy usually in terms of overspent policy and even architectural criticism often uses straightforwardly economic criteria to make decisions or draw conclusions. Approaching architecture as an Industry, while apposite In certain Instances, falls to allow for the role of the architectural in forming part of a nations, or a communitys, culture. Yet, it is clear that the presence of architecture in the daily lives of citizens underscores its inalienable cultural presence. We will write a custom essay sample on Architecture or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The task in this essay is to address this presence and to draw conclusions that might have relevance for policy directed decisions, as well s evaluative ones. This essay was prompted by the refusal of public money to the Australian pavilion at the recent Venice Biennial, but more Importantly, by the need to engage with the Issues that such a refusal raises. For the most part, these Issues do not pertain to the relative strength or weakness of Australian architecture, but rather to the way in which it defines itself.Architecture in this country does not define itself in any singular way, however, there is a prevailing perception. To counter that perception is to reopen the need to link architecture to the wider world of policy policy other than simple planning regulations and this involves reopening the question of architectures relation to culture. This essay uses culture In two senses. One relates to activities that are often understood as specific to architecture. The other is inextricably connected to the realm of human existence and demarcates the ways in which human life differentiates itself from nature.Taken in isolation each is potentially problematic holding to the exclusivity of the culture of architecture denies its presence as part of human society, while thinking of architecture as thing other than cultural precludes any consideration of, for example, the way different materials realize different effects within architectural practice. What matters is the way concerns of one understanding can perhaps should intrude into the other. Recognizing that these two different senses of culture are interrelated can provide a way through this complex set of considerations.Insisting this interrelation introduces another defining element into the equation. Indeed, it marks the point of relation: the public. Architecture is essentially public. This Is hardly a intermissions with the refusal of its consequences. A choice emerges. Architecture can define its sphere of operation as the construction of objects that are understood as only ever private, and which thus only open up the already circumscribed worlds of individual activity for example, the house. Or architecture can insist on its inherently public nature.Emphasizing the public does not mean that the construction of the house is, in some sense, a denial of architecture. Rather, the argument is that architectures continual opening onto the world an opening which an have an important role in the construction of that world is one of the main ways to generate a nexus between the culture of architecture and the inherently public nature of human sociality. The distinction between these two positions opening in or opening out is not a distinction between architecture as an academic activity on the one hand and as a worldly activity on the other.Instead, different conceptions of practice are at work here in both instances there can be a championing of materials over programmer; in both, a concern with the environmental consequences f building can be paramount; equally, issues pertaining to sustainability can drive each of them. Yet the distinction is crucial. It involves the extent to which there is an affirmation with all the difficulties and complexities that this term brings of the inherently public nature of architecture. OPENING IN.Architecture can be described as opening in when it defines itself as an activity of construction for individuals to suit individual needs. In working from the outside in, space is created that reproduces the desires of clients the world takes on the veneer of the private. This s a conception of the private in which the individual either singularly or as a unit has primacy. Moreover this generates a conception of the public as a collection of individuals all of whom aspire to create their own private world, which is the locus where their own unique desires are satisfied.Architecture begins to define itself in these terms when this conception of practice and world creation becomes the basis for future discussions and evaluations. Once the object is understood as having been created for the individual including a conception of the public as the totality f individuals it follows that architecture is the expression of personalities, and that the built object expresses the personality of the client. (Or at least that this would be the desired intent on both sides. Equally, because construction, understood in this ligh t, is always defined by a conception of individual taste, there cannot be a link to any conception of culture beyond the generalization of the individual. It is not difficult to imagine that once this is accepted as the definition of architecture and it is a self-definition that works at a range of different scales architecture will be inevitably understood as a series of produced (built, constructed, et cetera) objects that are created by individuals to serve individual ends.Since the public is always counterpoised to the individual and this is true even when the public is understood as the abstract presence of the totality of individuals architecture will be defined in terms of singular relations. The relation is will always be between architect and client, and architecture will remain enclosed within that relation. Once there is a turn towards the interior there is no need to think in terms of the registration of the exterior. Those elements at a minimum, the exterior to which architecture opens out pertain to culture understood as part of the public domain.The limit of this preoccupation of Australian architecture with domes tic housing only exacerbates the situation. The insistence on the interior and the associated definition of architecture in terms of individual concerns and reciprocally as only of concern for individuals make it a simple matter to locate architecture as no more than an economic activity. In this framework the house would have a bespoke suit as its correlate. The refusal of he public is, of course, a position taken in relation to the inherently public nature of architecture.This not only establishes the limit of architectures self-definition in terms opening in; it also indicates that the culture of architecture is, from the start, traversed by the complex matter of culture. The already present place of culture needs to be noted. Here, it concerns the capacity for an object to stage a relation. This may seem an overly complex point, but it is not. Staging a relation is not Just the presence of programmer, nor is it Just the use of one combination of materials rather Han another. Staging is the way that the internationalization of a programmer and materials works to present a specific conception of the programmer in question. The differences, for example, between two museums are to be found in terms of what they stage. That is, the way the understanding of the programmer, the geometry proper to its realization, and the materials once combined yield the object. However, it is an object as a site of activity. The activity is the way the building stages its presence. Two things need to be noted here. The first is that staging is integral to the way an object works as architecture. The second is that programmer, geometry, and the use of materials have both a historical and cultural dimension. This means that staging necessarily inscribes the architectural object with broader cultural considerations. Opening in, therefore, becomes an attempt to avoid defining architecture in terms of this inscription of wider public concerns. The counter position opening out becomes the way of acknowledging the presence of staging and of allowing this acknowledgment to play a pivotal role in establishing a definition of architecture.OPENING OUT. The move to the outside allowing the external to be stirred internally and the internal to have an external registration allows us to insist on the public nature of architecture precisely because here the two senses of culture interact. This is not a question of the house versus the public building. Rather, this particular definition provides the basis for more generalized understanding of architecture. It is important to note, however, that the culture that is registered is neither unified nor benign.Indeed, the interplay of dominance and opposition is fundamental to its schismatic and agnostic nature. This opens an area of discussion that cannot be pursued in this context. However, it indicates, nonetheless, that the registration of external elements will not be the registration of a unified culture precisely because the culture in question is not grounded in any sense of unity other than that of simple dominance or the identification with the totality of a culture with its most conservative instance, for example the identification of a culture with the national.This emphasis on the explicit acknowledgement of architectures public nature, and on architecture as staging, does not mean that henceforth architecture has to be either utilitarian that is merely functional or inst rumental or driven by some large social goal. Moreover, such an acknowledgment might be present in quite different ways. The complex surfaces of the Online example, opens up a potential urban field. This does not occur by locating the architecture on the surface, but by allowing the surface to help create a visual urbanism.What emerges, as a potential as well as what that is actually realized, are urban surfaces. The interest in the surface as evinced by Lyons and here there is an important affinity with some recent work by Herzog and De Neuron, in particular their library for the Brawled Polytechnic should be understood as coating the objects architecture as much in a sustained engagement with programmatic concerns, as it is in the construction of urban surfaces.The importance of the latter is that they take the creation of surfaces beyond any concern with the decorative. While a great deal has been written about ARMs National Museum of Australia (AMA) in Canberra, its singular importance lies in the specific way it stages a conception of the public and thus of community. While it enhances the site , to argue that a building complements Walter Burley Griffins mastering runs the risk of condemning it in advance. At the AMA identity becomes a site of endless negotiation and the symbols carry that positioning. Both work together to define the site. Rather than concentrate on the symbols per SE, what is fundamental is that they introduce a conception of time that is not determined by immediacy. The symbols stage a more complex and always-to-be-determined conception of identity. There is still a connection between symbols and what is symbolized. However, what needs to be noted is that it is hard to establish the link as definitive.Indeed, that is the point. The public nature of the architecture, and its democratic impulse, are mound in the symbolism because the work attests to the complex and cosmopolitan nature of the public. Lab architecture studios Federation Square is a fundamentally different project. But it demands, among other things, a reconsideration of how, within the urban context, figure/ground relations have to be recast in terms of figure/ figure relations.The inscription of an implicit urbanism into The Ian Potter Centre: ENG Australia, the construction of the squares themselves as explicitly urban, the complex relation that both have to the urbanism created by the intersections of the rid and the lanes and fed by public transport hubs, means that each element becomes an important figure constructing the urban terrain. While this does not occur literally, Federation Square develops both externally and internally (within the ENG itself) the urbanism of its setting, while demanding a rethinking if how interventions of th is scale within a pre-existing fabric are to be understood.The significance of these projects cannot be understood in terms of the image they project. In other words, it is not as though subsequent work be it a large scale project or a domestic house has to have a Lyons surface, or to deploy complex homeboys, or to mime fractal geometries. The fact that they are significant does not mean that they set the measure for what architecture has to look like. It is not a question of appearance.Rather, what has to occur is a process of abstraction where what characterizes them and it will always be the interplay of the strictly architectural and the cultural, one figuring in the other is allowed to set the framework in which architectures definition of itself can continue to develop. Affirming the presence of the cultural by noting the inalienability of the public, hill allowing both to have a complex and contested status allows architecture to the merely cultural, it goes without saying that such a position is necessarily contestable.Moreover, this inherent conceivability may result in the refusal of the interplay of cultures and therefore in the championing of the interdependence of the private and the economic. The victory of one over the other reveals an essential truth. Namely, that the presence of the conflict the inescapable hold of conceivability is the first step in any argument for the inherently cultural nature of the architectural.

To Kill A Mockingbird Essays (566 words) - To Kill A Mockingbird

To Kill A Mockingbird The Maturity Of Scout And Jem In To Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee It is a sin to kill a mockingbird because they do nothing but make music for us to enjoy. This was quoted from To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee, a creative novelist. To Kill a Mockingbird is about a young girl named Jean-Louise Finch, her brother Jeremy Finch and many other characters. Jean- Louise is nick-named Scout and Jeremy is nick-named Jem. Their father Atticus ,who was a lawyer, had been given a case to handle and did not have any choice but to receive it and work his best for his client. The case was about an African man, named Tom Robinson, who was accused of raping a white woman. Throughout the story the reader sees how Scout and Jem are afraid of Boo because they think he is a monster and try to tease him. They try to play tricks on Boo. Later in the novel they are no longer afraid of him and are no longer interested in teasing him. Another example of their maturity is how they view people. When Scout and Jem see how Tom Robinson is treated just because he is black, they begin to understand the meaning of prejudice. No one comes to help Tom Robinson except their father who defends him when Tom is accused of raping a white woman. Scout watches the trial and believes that he will be found innocent. Instead, Tom Robinson is found guilty. Her disappointment in the verdict makes Scout question the idea of justice. Who in this town did one thing to help Tom Robinson, just who? (215) Scout and Jem had believe that their father was not like any other fathers in school. They see him as an old man who can't do anything. However, when a mad dog appears on the street, Atticus, their farther, kills that dog with one shot. They are surprised to learn that he is the best shot in the town. They're attitude towards their father has changed. This is a sign of maturity. The rifle cracked. Tim Johnson leaped, flopped over and crumpled on the sidewalk in a brown-and-white heap. He didn't know what hit him. (96) Jem became vaguely articulate, 'you see him, Scout? You see him just stand there? All of a sudden he just relaxed all over. it looked like that gun was a part of him...and he did it so quick, like... I hafta to aim for ten minutes fore I can hit something,...'(97) Another incident which shows Scout's maturing is when she overhears her teacher saying that it is a good thing Tom Robinson was convicted because the black were getting too high and mighty. This disturbs scout very much because the teacher is always telling them about democracy and the persecution of Jews yet it is OK to persecute the blacks. Scout wonder how her teacher could be so contradictory. The last incident which brings Scout to adulthood is when she and Jem are brought safely home from their attacker by boo. She finally has the courage to stand on the Radley porch, and the kids are no longer afraid of Boo Radley. They now understand him. Scout and Jem mature during the duration of the novel by watching the events happen around them. They learn to examine the institutions around them more closely and to accept people as they are. Bibliography Me, Myself, and I Legal Issues

Term Paper on Abortion

Term Paper on Abortion In biological terms, abort means to expel a foetus during the early months of pregnancy or to check a disease or a condition during its early stages and abortion means the premature birth of an embryo before it is capable of continuing life. Abortion is considered a crime of murder if it is allowed to be done intentionally as a life, which is not capable to be born still, is tried to be eradicated with the help of medical expertise. Abortion can be also be caused by carelessness of the mother or any accidental happening when the mother is unable to secure herself or her baby. Sometimes, there is a situation when the mother’s life is in danger; the doctors recommend the mother and her relatives to abort the unborn baby as to secure the life of the mother. In case of securing mother’s life, abortion is not considered a crime but if the child is aborted for any unauthorized or illegal purposes, it is a criminal activity that is prohibited by law. Students who belong to the discipline of medical and the professionals of medical are well are of the effects and causes of abortion, they also know about the precautionary measures that a woman should take after abortion and they are also aware of the stages and needs of pregnancy that a woman should follow during her pregnancy but the commoners are not knowledgeable about any effects and causes and the precautionary measures which they should take during pregnancy. In such a situation, the medical practitioners and students of medicine should write a term papers on abortion or abortion term papers for the awareness of common people in terms of abortion and its harmful effects and the steps that a woman should take after her abortion. Now, the problem faced by medical students is how to write a term paper on abortion or term papers on abortion? For writing term papers on abortion, follow the following steps: Introduce the topic of term paper on abortion. Your introduction should contain information and a thesis statement that should reveal your point of view related to abortion. A thesis statement is a one-line answer to your abortion term paper question. Your term paper on abortion should be simple and clear, so that, everyone can understand your term paper on abortion. Divide your term paper on abortion in various sections such as introduction, literature review, effects, adversities caused by abortion, reasons for abortions, legal conditions associated with abortion, findings, precautionary measures and conclusion and any other, that seem suitable to you for inclusion in term paper on abortion. Include only precise and accurate information in your term papers on abortion. You can also buy term paper on abortions from any supporting entity that provides abortion term papers for support of students or read some writing tips how to write a term paper on our blog.

Economics Assessment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Economics Assessment - Assignment Example Development of national accounts was necessary to provide detailed information that can be used by economists to rate the performance of the economy  and to predict future growth. Macroeconomics depicts the interrelationship of various sectors of the economy with significant effect on each other in case of decline or improvement in one sector. Macroeconomics generally shows the connection between national income accounting and gross domestic products with mainly depends on savings and investment for long-term economic growth. Financial markets are what characterize savings and investment that determine growth in gross domestic product and living standards of the people in that particular country (Mankiw 581). National accounts enable a country to lay down strategic plans for her economic progress in the future and on the other hand international development institutions grant loans to developing countries to facilitate their development strategies based on the national accounts of the country. Approaches of Measuring National Income National income is measured through a combination of output, spending and income approximations that have been generated over a given time period. The total value of goods and services produced, total expenditure by individuals and corporations in the economy with a combination of total income generated during production of goods and services during a particular year sums up the total national income. Gross domestic product measures value output produced although three approaches can be used provided the national output equals national expenditure and income. The methods used in calculating gross domestic product include expenditure method that sums up the total spending used on produced goods and services at current market prices. The spending includes exports and imports on goods and services, household, government and capital investments spending. The income methods can also be used by summation of profits of private sector, in come of citizens, and land rent income. In general, it’s the total income earned through production of goods and services in the economy. The income excludes private transfer of money, income not registered by customs and excise authority and transfer payment. Alternatively, gross domestic product may be arrived at through output method using value added concept. The totals are arrived at by adding together the output value produced in each sector of the economy that is considered productive. Valuation applies the use of increase in product value at each successive stage during the process of production and it is referred to as value added approach, which is applied to avoid double counting intermediate goods value (Dwivedi 61). National incomes that Adopt International Standards Countries compile their national accounts using international standards such as SNA and ESA; however, there are difficulties in comparing national income of different countries. Difficulties remain i n comparing national income internationally due to differences in income distribution such as the varying size of black markets, which directly affects the level of income from goods and services. Government spending on defense also varies from one country to another thus posing difficulty in comparing national incomes concerning spending. Countries with significantly varying number of population are incomparable when using the income approach in

Managing Diversity in Organisations Literature review

Managing Diversity in Organisations - Literature review Example The study will try to analyze the literature on selected topic from the view point of strategic human resource management. Literature Review Taylor Cox, who is a renowned US diversity scholar, has expressed both annoyance and frustration on issues like misuse of the term diversity in the field of management. Cox (1994) has argued that, managing diversity in organization was never an American issue because in today’s world, organizations of other countries face the same challenge as American companies do when it comes to managing a diversified workforce. According to Cox (1994), non-American companies need to understand the importance of key issues associated with managing diversity such as knowledge sharing, team work, lattice communication path etc. According to Seidl and Becker (2006), organizations need to take help of guidelines or best practices suggested by other successful companies in order to maintain diversity in business place. The scholar duos have stated that the term â€Å"managing diversity† should be used in order to address complexity and cross culture perspective of business practices. Research works done by various management scholars on the topics like diversity management have influenced the researcher to write this literature review. Equality at work: Global Perspective Many companies across the globe face challenges regarding maintaining provision of equality in the workplace despite the presence of national legislative frameworks in many countries. There are evidences regarding the gender discrimination in the workplaces in many countries across the world, such examples are not good sign for management researchers and managers who are supporters of the agenda named as â€Å"managing diversity in the workplace.† According to Singh and Vinnicombe (2003), pie for women in the management position is comparatively low in comparison to male counterparts. Becker and Haunschild (2003) have pointed out that many companies ign ore the complex issues regarding managing diversity in the organization. According to recent survey, rate of termination for disabled people is twice in comparison to able-bodied people in the UK. Such examples are showing that organizations need to rethink about discriminations related to gender, race, disability, colour and nationality in order to match steps with global trend of bringing and managing diversity in the organizations. Research scholar Korabik and Abbondanza’s (2004) have stated that women are equally capable of modifying organizational policies and taking part in business policy determination. Hence, it is evident from the above discussion that managing a workforce which is diversified in terms of gender, race, physical ability, nationality and colour can help organizations not only to achieve equality but also to improve their service quality. Equal Opportunities and Managing Diversity During early 1990s, management researchers have introduced the term †Å"managing diversity† in order to define characteristics of equal opportunities (EO). Research scholars such as Jackson and Schuler’s (2003) have stated that organizations need to adopt the managing diversity strategy in order to use potential human resources available in the global marketplace. Definition of managing diversity in organization can be stated as â€Å"understanding that there are differences among employees and that

Colonialism and Its Effect in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Colonialism and Its Effect in Nigeria Essay Ekundayo Falade Professor Baldwin MA5- Research Paper Final Draft 5/6/2013 Colonization Colonization is term used to refer to a specific type of interaction between states, countries, or territories. Colonization is said to have taken place in the event one country, state, or territory induces and or claims total sovereignty over a different country, state, or territory, which lies outside its geographical boundaries or influence. The country, state, or territory that loses its sovereignty becomes the colony while the other nation is labeled as the colonizer. The entire phenomenon created therein is referred to colonization. It is important to note that the impact of colonization is long felt even after the colonizer has left the colony. This is because the changes that take place during the course of colonization stretch far much beyond the administration take over. Here, the changes that take place with regard to the social, economic, and cultural settings of the society are the main reminders of colonization long after the colonizers have left. The influence of the colonizers with regard to the socio-cultural environment of the colony is the main scar of colonization long after the wounds have healed. In any environment where colonization has taken place, the main impact of colonization is analyzed with regard to the element of stagnation that is birthed out of losing the ability to institute development and progress from a society’s own point of view. In the analysis of colonialism, it is important to not only analyze the administrative activities, but also take into serious considerations the various economic, social, and cultural activities within the discussion. The Falade ? impact of colonialism – under effective analysis is divided into social, cultural, political, and ecological assessment topics. Throughout the course of this essay, the various influences of colonialism in the various ecological and political settings of the third world countries are analyzed with the main aim of underscoring the stagnation that is caused because of colonialism and the influence therein. There are varied explanations with regard to the term third world. In these – varying definitions – there are some common definitive elements that feature in the distinctive definitions. Generally, third world country is a term employed in referring to a country that does not belong to the soviet bloc of nations, the state-socialist nations, the west, or the European countries. The third world countries that will be analyzed in the course of this paper are from Africa and the region around India. There are two sides of the coin presented the phenomena of colonization. Here, there are both advantages and disadvantages contained in the activities shaping up and general impact of colonization. The most prominent advantage – as it is refereed to of colonization, is the progress instituted by the colonizing power. In most – if not all – of the colonization activities, the colonizer has instituted both direct and indirect progressive measures. The negative implication of colonialism is presented in the general oppression of the colony presented in the lack of freedoms and fundamental human rights. One of the benefits of colonization can be traced back to the impact of colonialism in India. Here, the colonizers instituted irrigation measures that had a profound impact on the food security in the country. This increase and enhancement in food production also brought about negative effects with regard to health. Because of the establishment and widespread of the irrigation system, there was an increase in the spread of malaria because of water logging. The irrigation system brought with Falade ? it a rich environment for the breeding of mosquitoes, which caused harm on the health of the people near the various areas. The third world has benefited from colonialism in different ways but the most prominent is presented in the exposure of these countries to the developments in the developed countries. Colonization is presented as the link through which the third world was connected to the developed world. The exposure from colonization has helped the various nations to achieve development in the various social, economic, political, and cultural settings. Most – if not all – scholars argue that the infrastructure through which the economic process was not only triggered, but also developed was through colonization. Even though this is the case, the negative implications of colonialism are too big a topic to be left untouched. The scars from the experiences and activities that shaped up colonization stretch way beyond the healed scars into different time eras. Numerous profound changes have taken place with regard to judicial and legal practices because of the implementation of the Human Rights Act of 1998. Although it might have become operational in 2000, the changes that have been made within the judicial setting far much surpass the reforms that took place since the inception of the Human Rights Act up until the time it was implemented. The difference that has been brought into the functionality of the judiciary can be likened to the difference between day and night. Given the chance to undertake the same research again, I would major on the institutional reforms that have been birthed out of the implementation and integration of the Human Rights Acts into law. Ecological exploration The colonization of Nigeria dates back to 1959. Nigeria was colonized by Britain and the interaction between these two nation dates back to hundreds of years before the 16th century. During their initial exploration, the British interacted with people from modern day Nigeria and Falade ? the surrounding areas in different ways. Today, the boundaries that define the state of Nigeria were as section of larger region that was targeted by the British in their explorations. A close analysis of the interactions that existed between the British and the locals in Nigeria prove that the British were not out to colonize the nation. Initially, the first British citizens to settle in Nigeria and the surroundings were merchants and missionaries. The initial interactions between the Nigerians and the British led to knowledge about Christianity and economic improvements. There were also extensive interactions that led to the alteration of culture with regards to the interaction that existed between the Nigerians and the British. For instance, there was English being spoken in Nigeria as early as the 16th century. Here, the natives learnt English from the British who either chose to settle among them or pay them occasional visits. Military conquest of Nigeria by the British forces can be traced back to the 1800’s. During this time, there was some little resistance but the vast machine-gun armed British forces overcame this. These forces conquered any form of resistance that stood in their way with ease. By the first decade of 1800, the British had taken over the entire state of Nigeria. The region was home to over 200 ethnic groups and these were strategically divided into three distinctive regions. The regions housed different administrative units and each of these differed from the other with regards to the economic, social, and cultural evolution taking place therein. The three regions that were formed out of the strategic division by the British were Western, Eastern, and Northern Regions. In their division of Nigeria, the British took minimum – if any – consideration of the diversification that existed in the communities shaping up Nigeria. They went on to divide the country among lines that would see entire nation revolutionized. There were important and historic factions of society that went under as the result of the division that took place in the Falade ? course of colonization by the British. The natives lost their sense of identity as well as ethnic attachments as a result of the division that took place in the course of the colonization. It is important to note that the boundaries that exist in modern day Nigeria were not as an African creation, but a British vision. In 1903, the name Nigeria was birthed by the Wife of one of the Commissioners that had been assigned authority over Nigeria. The wife of the British Commissioner saw it fit to name the region Nigeria since it was home to the Niger River. The presence of the Niger River in the northern region of the country was the main motivation behind the naming of the country. When the British took over Nigeria, they had one thing in mind; to satisfy their needs. A closer analysis on the activities shaping up the colonization of Nigeria brings out detailed information with regards to the economic and political setting of the country during colonization. Here, the British administration established a political and economic setting through which the country was aligned to the vision of the British government. There was an economic diversification instituted as the colonization kicked in. The Nigerians traded their cheap raw materials for British goods. Here, the natives would be found trading goods such as rubber, palm oil, tropical wood, and cotton for the metal tools, guns, and clothes from the British. Long before they knew it, the natives had been stripped of their goods through the economic traditions established by the British. Nigerians were left at the mercy of their British trading counterparts. The British had established an unbalanced trade practice that was designed to ensure that the British got enriched at the expense of the Nigerians. Politically, there were major oppressions that took place with regard to the rights and freedoms of the Nigerians. The British set up a system through which they exercised oppressive rule over the natives. Here, they ensured that a government system was in place through which the management of their affairs would not only Falade ? be made easy, but also favor their colonial undertakings. The British colonizers that ensured the Nigerians were constantly advising the British about the affairs taking place in their society set up a government system. With time, the natives developed a negative attitude towards the government system and the parliamentary system established therein. The study of colonialism on the African nations seems to take the same course in most – in not all – studies. Here, the main element under analysis is the influence of the colonial power over the colony. Although much is being done to ensure that there is a restoration of the various local sensibilities, there is still much to be achieved with regard to the deep and negative impacts of colonialism. The influence of colonialism is the main source of the social inequalities and economic discrepancies that define third world countries can be traced back to colonization. Colonialism is responsible for the various globalization, economic integration, and neocolonialism cultures. One of the most attractive factors with regard to colonization was the environment of the colonies. During the course of colonization – as presented in the scramble and partition for Africa the colonizers were out to look for land and forest resources. Here, fertile lands and vast forests were one of the main elements through which the various lands were prioritized with regard to colonization. When colonization was at its peak, the vast forest had been reduced to farming land through deforestation and the various highlands became settlements through which cash crop production took place. So important and productive was the cash crop business in the course of colonization that the British industrial revolution was because of cash crop production. The food security in the various nations – within both the colony and colonizer’s settings – was because of the production that took place within the course of colonization. The deforestation that took place in India was the main source of timber in the ship building activities Falade ? in Britain. In the same country, there was an extensive railway system, which was built by the timber produced from the deforestation. The establishment of the railways system benefitted different parties within the colonization setting. Here, the colonizers established and developed effective means through which they would transport their various resources and extend their colonization while the improving the infrastructure for the locals. Through this – improvement in infrastructure – the access to and transfer of natural resources became easier and more continent. Works Cited Arnold, D and R Guha. Nature, Culture and Imperialism: Essays on the Environmental history of South Asia. Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1995. Arnold, D. The Problem of Nature; Environment, Culture and European Expansion, New Perspectives on the Past. Blackwell Publishers Limited, 1996. Brett, E A. Colonialism and Underdevelopment in East Africa; The Politics of Economic Change. Heinemann Educational Books Limited, 1973. Daszak, P, A A Cunningham and A D Hyatt. Emerging Infectious Diseases of Wildlife – Threats to Biodiversity and Human Health. Wildlife Ecology Review (2000). Sartre, Jean Paul. Colonialism and neo-colonialism. Oxon : Routledge books, 2001.

Ancient Egypt :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ancient Egypt was a very important time in our time period. They had their own way of life. Egyptians had their own writing, burials, government, religion, cooking, and games. They were educated people with many talents. They were good with their hands and brains. Ancient Egyptians were a magnificent race of people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Ancient Egyptians called their country Kemet, which means â€Å"Black Land.† The dark soil from the Nile River was very fertile. The Nile overflowed at the same time every year, leaving farmers with very fertile soil. The Nile provided much needed water for their crops during the dry season by using their irrigation system. The Nile River also provided the Egyptians with drinking water, and a way for them to travel, allowing them to explore and trade. In addition, the desert around the river was called â€Å"Red Land† by the Egyptians. This is where they lived, grew and prospered. The desert provided much gold for the Egyptians to trade with other countries or to keep for themselves. They brought back silver from Syria, cedar wood, oils, and horses from Lebanon, copper from Cyprus, gems from Afghanistan, ebony, wood, and ivory from Africa, and incense from Punt.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Egyptians cherished family life the way we cherish food or money. Children were considered a blessing. They prayed for them and used magic to have children, but if a couple could not conceive they adopted. Men were the head of the household and the oldest son inherited everything of the father’s.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Egyptian women were to obey their fathers and husbands, but were equal in many other ways. For example, women could have jobs, some rights in court cases, and they were able to own land. Women were also allowed to own businesses. Only noble women, however, could be priestesses. The women raised the children and took care of the house. Wealthy families would hire maids and nannies to do such things. Divorce was not common in Ancient Egypt, though it was an option. Problems were talked about between families, and if they could not be settled a divorce would take place. Some women became rulers but only in secret. The only woman who ruled as a phara oh in the open was Queen Hatsheput. Ordinary men normally had one wife, while pharaohs and kings had several. Most marriages were arranged by parents. Most girls married at age twelve while boys were usually a little older.

Joy Ride

Michelle Cronin Professor Radford English 101 8 October 2012 Begging for an Escape â€Å"Joy Ride† is a short story written by Richard Russo. It features a boy, John Dern, and his mother, who both long for an escape from their lives at the time. This story follows the theme that one key aspect the human condition is the search for an escape. At some point in life, most humans wish to escape their past and present state of living. There may be many motivating factors behind this. However, most attempt to escape for one of three main reasons.These include using an escape as a means of finding freedom, an escape to help another person, or just as a temporary move to solve a problem. In this story, John and his mother have all three reasons in the back of their minds as they see their lives disappear in the rearview mirror. John’s mother wants an escape so that she can be free. Free from stress, free from worry, free from her husband†¦ So she leaves a note with a simpl e goodbye and she is off. She takes her son with her and breaks free from the ties that bind her. She believes that this country is big enough for a fresh start for the both of them.She says, â€Å"It’s not only a free country, it’s a big one. Big enough for us to get lost in. We’re bound for freedom, sweetie† (76). John’s mother is trying to explain to him that this country is huge, and that if the two of them try, they can get lost in the freedom. They have the power and the ability to leave, escaping the lifestyle they are in right now. By leaving, they have the opportunity make anything of their future. John’s mother also explains that she wants to be free from the marriage that is slowly ripping her apart.She says, â€Å"It’s just that living with him – being married to him – is just like being covered with these little cuts all the time. There’s no big gash you can show anybody, nothing they’d believ e would really hurt, but these damn little nicks, they suck the blood right out of you† (92). John’s mother would like to be free of her husband’s ties that seem to terrorize her wherever she goes. It appears that he does nothing to cause her extraordinary pain, but the little problems are the ones that hurt her the most. Just being with her husband leaves her with all of these painful thoughts and memories every single day.It’s the little problems that John’s mother is trying so hard to escape. However, her motivation for escape also has to do with John. He needs this escape as much as his mother. John was growing up and falling in with the wrong crowd, making very bad decisions. His â€Å"friends† talk of a trip they took to Old Orchard Beach in Maine. When thinking about this, John decides that he too needs to get out of Camden. â€Å"This is exactly the kind of adventure I feared and longed for† (78). In this quote, John is conveyi ng his need for escape. His mother sees how necessary an escape is and how desperately John needs a new outlook on life.And this is exactly what his mother intends to give him. As they go on their journey, both John and his mother experience a little taste of the freedom they have hungered for. Years later when discussing the trip, his mother explains the real reason behind the joy ride. â€Å"I’ll tell you what I do remember. I remember that the reason for that trip was you. What I remember was the vicious little monster you were becoming† (110). In this quote, John’s mother is revealing her true motive behind their escape. She wanted to give him an experience that would allow him to change the way he was behaving before it became too late.Her son was falling in with the wrong crowd and she wanted him to get out of there as fast as possible before he did something horrible. Whether the escape is permanent or temporary, it remains a memory that will forever be e ngrained in one’s mind. An escape can last anywhere from minutes to a lifetime, but it will remain a memory throughout one’s entire life. For example, when reminiscing, John says â€Å"This whole trip was nothing more than a joy ride, like the one my junior high friends had taken, and now I could understand their reluctance to talk about it.No doubt it had been a shabby thing, devoid of glory† (108). John is saying that their escape had only been a temporary freedom and that it ended shortly after it had begun. In comparing his joy ride with that of his friends, he claims that both did not end up the way they had imagined and that he did not want to talk about it, just as his friends had not wanted to talk about their trip. However, he goes on to say â€Å"More than twenty years now, as I think back on our joy ride that spring, it seems far more remarkable than it did at the time†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (109).He is expressing his sincere thought on the subject in that ev en after decades have passed. Although it seemed to somewhat fail because he and his mother ended up going back to his father at the time, with time, he begins to realize that the trip meant more than he originally thought. No matter how long or short the escape is, the memory will last a lifetime. The word escape can be defined in many ways. The definition that applies most to this story is â€Å"an act of breaking free from confinement or control. † In â€Å"Joy Ride,† John and his mother were begging for an escape from their life.Throughout the actual trip, John’s mother had him convinced that she wanted to escape from her husband. But at the end of the story after years have passed, she explains that the true reason behind the escape was to change the path he was walking. John needed to escape the group he was in. People attempt to escape for many reasons. For John and his mother, it was for freedom, freedom from John’s father, freedom from the expect ations of John’s friends. And although it was not a permanent escape, it will be permanently engrained in the minds of both John and his mother.

Does Racial Bias Affect The Lives Of Americans Essay

White people have a 65% higher per capita income than African Americans. This is why we must look at the causes of this racial bias and the effects. We cannot ignore the obvious disadvantages minorities face in America. When examining the ways that systemic racial bias affects the lives of Americans, it is important to first define what systemic racial bias actually is. For the purposes of this research paper, it is the tendency of racism to exist in a specified process. Throughout the past centuries, the presence of this bias changed significantly but not disappeared. In an age of media at every turn, the can influence so much and be so powerful. Unfortunately, one of the most apparent outlets of systemic racial bias is this proclaimed media, which tends to reflect and produce social perceptions of Americans and results in impacts on all Americans. A well studied and common example of racial bias in media would be sports and their coverage. Many of the mainstream sports have disprop ortionate amounts of minorities as athletes, making it significant and unique. Some people doubt that racial bias is present in the media, but countless studies prove otherwise. Andrew C. Billings, a professor of sports communication at Alabama University, and Susan Tyler Eastman, an author that has published multiple books about media, performed a study on the racial bias present in college basketball games during the 1994 season. The study states that â€Å"three quarters of the 416 men’sShow MoreRelatedThe Sociological Perspective Of Functionalism1228 Words   |  5 PagesBias, as defined by Merriam-Webster, is an inclination of temperament or outlook, or a personal and sometimes unreasoned judgement. We face bias in our everyday lives when dealing with all aspects of life and not necessarily the criminal justice system. As a part of society, like conflict, bias helps our society function. 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